The Study of the Ratio between Virgin Coconut Oil and Shea Butter on the Physicochemical Properties of Skin Care Lotion Formulation
Abstract
Tropical climate of Thailand is abundant for coconut planting. Coconut oil has been used in Thai folk medicine for skin condition and widely used in cosmetic purpose for skin moisturizing. This study aimed to use natural extract virgin coconut oil as functional ingredient of o/w emulsion dosage form for skin care lotion products. The coconut oil was extracted by developed expressed machine to yield with 20 ??? 30 % by weight of coconut meat. ??In the lotion formulation, the common moisturizer in cosmetic use, shea butter was studied with difference ratio with extracted virgin coconut oil of 5:1, 4:2, 3:3, 2:4 and 1:5 by weight. The emulsion formulations were characterized by pH, viscosity, stability and droplet size. All of lotion formulas showed the pH values in between 6.38-6.93, which is close to neutral pH and can be used on human skin. Emulsion viscosity increased with virgin coconut oil content increasing, resulting in better coated on skin. These might be from lauric acid, which is the main constituent in virgin coconut oil. The lotion stability of phase separation form shaking stability was tested by 5,000 rpm speed centrifugation for 30 mins, it showed that no phase separation for all of emulsion formulas. These implied that the developed product were stable under high centrifugation force. Developed lotion products particle size was 64???180 nm. Interestingly, the weight ratio of 1:5 for shea butter and coconut oil provided the smallest particle size about 64.66 nm, resulting in good texture and might be better skin absorption. Therefore, virgin coconut oil content increasing can make the smaller particle size in lotion for better absorb in human skin. This work points that coconut oil is good property ingredient for skin care cosmetic and essentially further study in industrial scale.
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